Đây là một số lênh cơ bản của Git để các bạn có thể tra cứu. Vì có nhiều thuật ngữ chuyên ngành và mô tả ngắn gọn nên mình sẽ không dịch sang tiếng Việt.
Thông Tin Quan Trọng
Git Directory | The .git directory is where Git stores the metadata and object database for the repository |
Working Directory | A copy of one version of the git project, taken from compressed database in the .git directory |
Staging Area/Index | File that stores information about what will next be committed into the git repository |
Thiết Lập
git config --global user.name "[name]" | Sets the name you want attached to your commit transactions |
git config --global user.email "[email address]" | Sets the email you want attached to your commit transactions |
git config --global color.ui auto | Enables helpful colorizations of command line input |
Tạo Repositories
git init [project-name] | Creates a new local repository with the specified name |
git clone [url] | Downloads a project and its entire version history |
Tạo Thay Đổi
git status | Lists all new or modified files to be committed |
git diff | Shows file differences not yet staged |
git add [file] | Snapshots the file in preparation for versioning |
git diff --staged | Shows file differences between staging and the last file version |
git reset [file] | Unstages the file, but preserves its contents |
git commit -m "[descriptive message]" | Records the file snapshots permanently in version history |
Nhóm Các Thay Đổi
git branch | Lists all local branches in the current repository |
git branch [branch-name] | Creates a new branch |
git checkout [branch-name] | Switches to the specified branch and updates the working directory |
git merge [branch] | Combines the specified branch’s history into the current branch |
git branch -d [branch-name] | Deletes the specified branch |
git remote add [remote-name] [url] | Add a new remote git repository as a shortname |
git remote -v | Lists all remote git repositories |
Thao Tác Với Tập Tin
git rm [file] | Deletes the file from the working directory and stages the deletion |
git rm --cached [file] | Removes the file from version control but preserves the file locally |
git mv [file-original] [file-renamed] | Changes the file name and prepares it for commit |
Xem thêm: http://Cmd thường dùng trong Linux
Bỏ Qua Thay Đổi
*.log build/ temp-* | A text file named .gitignore suppresses accidental versioning of files and paths matching the specified patterns |
git ls-files --other --ignored --exclude-standard | Lists all ignored files in this project |
Lưu Các Thay Đổi
git stash | Temporarily stores all modified tracking files |
git stash save [message] | Save local modifications to a new stash |
git stash pop | Restores the most recently stashed files |
git stash list | Lists all stashed changesets |
git stash show | Show the changes recorded in the stash |
git stash drop | Discards the most recently stashed changeset |
Xem Lại Lịch Sử
git log | Lists version history for the current branch |
git log --follow [file] | Lists version history for a file, including renames |
git diff [first-branch]...[second-branch] | Shows content differences between two branches |
git show [commit] | Outputs metadata and content changes of the specified commit |
Khôi Phục Các Thay Đổi
git reset [commit] | Undoes all commits after [commit], preserving changes locally |
git reset --hard [commit] | Discards all history and changes back to the specified commit |
Đồng Bộ Thay Đổi
git fetch [bookmark] [branch] | Downloads all history from the repository bookmark, optionally specifying branch |
git merge [bookmark]/[branch] | Combines bookmark’s branch into current local branches |
git push [alias] [branch] | Uploads all local branch commits to GitHub |
git push [alias] :[branch] | Deletes remote branch |
git pull | Downloads bookmark history and incorporates changes |
git pull --rebase | Downloads bookmark history and incorporates your changes on top of remote changes |
git rebase --interactive --autosquash HEAD~N | Squash N last commits |
git cherry-pick -n <sha> | Cherry-pick a commit |
git revert -n <sha> | Revert a commit |
Debugging
git blame [file] | Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file |
git bisect | Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug |
Nguồn: git-scm.com
Chi tiết hơn các bạn có thể tham khảo thêm tại địa chỉ: https://git-scm.com/doc
